Machine for casting of metal work pieces in permanent molds



June 29, 1965 P. JUNGHANNS ETAL 3,191,248

MACHINE FOR CASTING OF METAL WORK PIECES IN PERMANENT MOLDS Filed Nov. 20, 1961 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig. 1

June 29, 1965 P. JUNGHANNS ETAL 3,191,248

MACHINE FOR CASTING OF METAL WORK PIECES IN PERMANENT MOLDS Filed Nov. 20. 1961 6 Sheets-Sheet 2- INVENTORS W BY I June 1965 P.JUNGHANNS ETAL 3,191,248

MACHINE FOR CASTING OF METAL WORK PIECES IN PERMANENT MOLDS Filed Nov. 20, 1961 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig' 3 Fig. 4

Q INVENTORS #2 1. k M44 BY W I 67 June 29, 1965 P. JUNGHANNS ETAL 3,191,243

MACHINE FOR CASTING OF METAL WORK PIECES IN PERMANENT MOLDS 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Nov. 20, 1961 Fig.5

June 29, 1965 P. JQNGHANNS ETAL 3 91, 4

MACHINE FOR CASTING 0F METAL WORK PIECES 'IN PERMANENT MOLDS Filed Nov. 20. 1961 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fig.6

INVENIORS June 29, 231965 F. JUNGHANNS 551ml. 3,191,248

MACHINE FOR CASTING OF METALWORKDPIE-GESIIN PERMANENT MOLDS Filed lNov. +20 1961 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 JF-I' .8

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII7IAZYII4 INVENTORS United States Patent 0 3,191,248 MACHINE FOR CASTING 0F METAL WQRK PHDCES IN PERMANENT MOLDS Paul Junghanns and Herbert Frede, Heiiigenhaus, Rhineland, and Friedheim Biirger, Velbert, Rhineland, Germany, assignors to Firma Wilh, Engstt'eld, Heiligenhaus, Rhineland, Germany, a corporation of Germany Filed Nov. 20, 1961, Ser. No. 1533M Claims priority, application Germany, Nov. 19, 1960, E 20,207; Aug. 19, 1961, E 21,561 4 Claims. (Q1. 22--79) The present invention relates to a machine for easting of metal work pieces in permanent molds, in particular in two-part molds, whereby the metal is fed into the mold under the pressure of the liquid metal column.

It is already known to use a pivotable, pear-shaped melting vessel which is connected with a permanent mold, in which melting vessel the pouring opening for the molten material is disposed at the tapered-down end of the melting vessel and above the level of the molten metal material, if the melting vessel is in its non-tilted position. The pouring opening is disposed adjacent a strong filler funnel arranged in the dividing plane of the mold, so that the work piece to be cast can be removed from the mold jointly with its lug cone.

The drawback of this conventional manufacturing methods resides in the fact, that due to the large lug cone, not only appreciable quantities of so called cycle material are formed, which charge the cast, since it must be molten again, rather additional work is also required in the separation of the lugs setting widely on the work piece in the dividing plane of the mold.

It is, therefore, one object of the present invention to provide a machine for casting of metal work pieces in permanent molds, which causes the filling of the mold in a mechanical operation under the pressure of the content of the melting vessel and, whereby, the mold is filled along the shortest possible way with the result of obtaining the smallest cones.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a machine for casting of metal work pieces in permanent molds, wherein the tapered-down end of the melting vessel is equipped with a pouring sleeve extending into the permanent mold and serving as pouring opening, which pouring sleeve is made of melt-resistant and heat capacitive material.

it is yet another object of the present invention to provide a machine for casting of metal work pieces in permanent molds, wherein a tight connection between the melting vessel and the mold is brought about, and means are provided in the connecting joint by the pouring sleeve which extends freely into the melting vessel, which means, due to its extended heating, prevents and retards, respectively, the solidification of the material disposed in the sleeve, so that only a very small lug cone is formed.

It is also still another object of the present invention to provide a machine for casting of metal work pieces in permanent molds, wherein, in order to permit the filling of the mold always at the most favorable place of the permanent mold without regard to the dividing slot between the mold parts, the sleeve comprises a hollow stopper freely extending into the melting vessel and having a tapered-down inner cross-section, the bore of the stopper being widened toward the mold. This arrangement permits that the sleeve projects through the bottom wall of one of the mold parts and, nevertheless, permits the removal of the cast work piece with the lug cone.

In order to make sure that slag-free work pieces are obtained, it is of advantage to provide an apron in front of the pouring opening of the melting vessel, which apron leaves free a slot below the level of the molten material.

During the working of some aluminum-magnesium alloys, the provided effect of the narrow sleeve, which extends during each casting operation through the level of the molten metal material, is disturbed due to the very easily oxide skin forming on the melt, particularly if the sleeve extends into the melting vessel for the purpose of an extended heating and an easier tearing-oil of the lug cone.

It is, therefore, also another object of the present invention to provide a machine forcasting of metal work pieces in permanent molds, in which, in order to avoid such disturbance, an inner wall is provided in front of the tapered-down end of the melting vessel, which inner wall projects below the level of the molten metal material, for the purpose of separating a chamber defined between the inner wall and the wall of the melting vessel, which chamber includes the pouring opening and is fed with a protecting gas.

By this arrangement it is brought about, that in the chamber fed under low pressure with the protecting gas, the formation of an oxide skin is completely avoided. At the same time, a non-objectionable heating-up of the sleeve and its reliable operations is secured.

It is still a further object of the present invention, to provide a machine for casting of metal work pieces in permanent molds, wherein a imple design, which is suitable for its proper operation and for the provision of flexible conduits for the protecting gas, is achieved in such manner that the removable separating wall has a connection branch for the protecting gas conduit at the upper end of the separating wall, which is angularly bent towards the wall of the melting vessel.

in order to avoid the undesirable escape of the protecting ga in the tilted position of the melting vessel for pouring of the molten metal material and to obtain a large fiow slot inspite of the deep dipping of the separating wall, the latter is equipped at its lower end, which projects into the molten metal material, with an angularly bent portion extending away from the pouring opening.

it is now possible to dispose a greater number of molds over a comparatively small space, always with the smallest lug cones and to bring about an easy opening and closing of the mold by means, according to which one mold part, through the bottom of which the pouring sleeve projects at about its center, is connected with the tiltable melting vessel, while the other mold part is mounted on one end of a swinging arm, which joins the tilting movement of the melting vessel.

In order to mechanize the casting work, and to bring about a half-automatic operation, the machine, designed in accordance with the present invention, is designed in such simple manner, that a piston rod reciprocated by a power cylinder operates on the melting vessel, as well as on the swinging arm, which power cylinders are controlled in a predetermined cycle.

With these and other objects in view, which will become apparent in the following detailed description, the present invention will be clearly understood in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a side elevation of the machine designed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front elevation of the machine partly in section along the lines 22 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front elevation of a longitudinal shield for a door iron work cast by means of the machine designed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an end view of the longitudinal shield shown in FIG. 3 partly in section;

1G. 5 is a longitudinal section of the machine along the line S-5 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal section of the machine designed in accordance with the present invention, similar to that of FIG-5, yet in the tilted position of the melting con tainer for, casting; a

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section, similar to that of FIG. 5, of another embodiment of the machine; and

FIG. 8 is a section through the melting container. along mg vessel 22 which is disposed in the frame 20 and pivotable about the pins 21 of the latter.

Referring now to FIGS. 3 and4 of the drawings, a

longitudinal shield' 1' is shown-forv a door iron work, a which is manufactured by the machine designed in ac-.

cordance with the present invention and which has alug cone 6 of a small'volume.

This lug cone 6 is attached to the pusher mounting 7, thus is not disposed inthef dividing plane of the mold, and is equipped with a recess I V 8 dueto the core which forms the pusher mounting'opening. The take-off of the burr of this work piece is limited to the separation of the small lug cone 6, whereby a low cutting capacity is required. p

The melting vessel 22 is surrounded by a cover 23 and is closed up at its filling opening by means of a heating cap24. I

' he pouring opening for the molten metal material. is disposed at the end of the melting vessel 22 which'is tapered down to a mouth-piece 25 and arranged at about the level of the bearing pins 21. The mouth-piece 25 projects through a carrying plate 26, which is rigidly secured to the melting vessel 22. One-half part '27 of the, mold is secured to the carrying plate 26. The other halfpart 28 of the mold sits at theend of a swinging arm 29 which is swingably mounted on a bearing pin 30 of'an arm secured to the melting vessel 22 and, therefore, joins the tilting movement of the melting vessel 22.. 7 I The tapered-down end-of the melting vessel 22, which from the molten material. returned to its original position, the, metal tears off within metal column. The filling ofthe molten metal material takes place in this case along the shortest way through the bottom wall of one mold part 27. After solidification of the metal in the mold, a lug cone is formed in the sleeve which iswidened. conically towards the mold, which lug cone remains dough-soft. upto liquid, due to the heat fed If the melting vessel 22 is the hollowpart of the sleeve and a lug cone 6 remains,

whichcan be'lifted easily with the cast work piece during the opening of the mold. I v V I Referring now again to the drawings, and in particular to FIGS. 7 and 8, another embodiment of the machine designated in accordance with the present invention is disclosed, in which the melting vessel 22, tiltingly mounted in the frame 20 on pivot pins 21, is equipped at its front wall with a pouring'opening, which is formed as a mouth-piece 25- and is disposed at about the level of the, pivoting pins 21. The half-part 27 of the mold is rigidly secured to'the melting vessel 22, by means of a cap-like intermediate member 32- The other half-part 28 of the moldis hingedly secured to a swinging arm 29.

' The pouring sleeve33 forms, a communication connection of the melting vessel 22.

end is suitably closed up by means of a cap 32, is equipped 1 with a pouring sleeve 33 which extends into the mold part 27 and serves as a pouring opening.

The pouring sleeve 33 consists of a melt resistance and V 7 A preferably adjust-able apron 34 is provided in front of the pouring opening of the melting vessel 22, which apron 34 provides a flow slot below the level x of the molten material (FIG. 5). v, A piston rod 35 or a power cylinder 36 is secured at its free end to the tiltably mounted melting vessel 22,

' 7 While the. power cylinder 36 is mountedonthe frame'20.

A second piston rod 39 of a second power cylinder 40 is secured at its free end to the swinging arm 29 by means of the arms 37 'and 38. of a bell-crank lever. The power cylinder 40 is supported on the pivot bolt 30 of the arm 31, while one arm 38 of the bell-crank lever is pivotally secured to a strut 41 and the other arm 37 is secured to the swinging arm 29. r

By operation in cycles, for instance by means of a control device, it is possible to move the swinging arm 29 by means of the power cylinder 40, whereby the halfparts27 and 28 of the mold are either retained in closed, engaging position (FIG. 5) or are retained in an open, inoperative position (FIG. 1).

Furthermore by a corresponding operation of the cylinder 36 in cycles, the'melting vessel 22 can be moved into its tilted position (FIG. 6) and again returned to its original position (FIG. 5).. A V In the pouring position (FIG. 6), the melting vessel 22 is tilted, so that the level 'xof the molten metal material assumes a different position. In'this case the pouring sleeve 33 assumes a position below thelevel of the molten metal material and the latter flows into the par-ts 27 and 28 of the'mold under the pressure of the liquid A separating wallSti, whichextends below the level x of the molten metal material, is disposed in front of the tapered-down end and the mouth-piece 25 of the melting vessel 22, preferably ,at a predetermined distance from the front wall of the latter for the purpose of separation of a chamber Z defined between the separating wall 50 and the wall of the melting vessel 22 and for feeding a protecting gas into the chamber Z. The latter extends also beyond the chamber surrounding the pouring sleeve 33 0f the melting vessel 22 and of its mouth-piece 25.

The separating wall Silis removable. Ithas for this "purpose-straps 51 which slide onto cams 52 provided on the pouring opening.

As shown in FIG. 7 of the drawings, this angularly bent portion 56 .dips in each tilted position sufficiently deep into the melt, and also for instance, if the level x of the molten material assumes'the position x1. The remaining flow slot can be designed of sufiicient width and due to the angularly bent portion 56 afunnel-like filling means can be formed.

The protection gas, which is chosen in accordance with the melting alloy to be worked, is-fed to the chamber Z underv pressure, slightly higherthan atmospheric pressure, through the conduit 55, so that the chamber Z is always filled with the protecting gas.

The level of the melting material spread in the chamber Z is thus, clean and free from oxide layers. If during pouring the melting vessel 22 is'then tilted, the pouring sleeve enters the molten metal material without providing the possibilitythat an oxide layer sets on its outer surface and under circumstances prevents the heat reception by insulation. The same applies also for the lifting of the pouring sleeve above the level of the molten metal material during the return tilting movement of the melting vessel 22.

It is preferably possible at arrange the pouring sleeve 33, in case a long shield cast is to be made, in such manner that a forming core 43 (FIG. 5) is disposed opposite thereof, which forming core 43 projects into the pouring sleeve 33 with a projection and which hollows the lug cone 6, whereby the latter can be cut oil more easily.

It is also possible to pour simultaneously in one mold a plurality of adjacent disposed work pieces. The mold may be also divided into a plurality of separate chambers.

While we have disclosed several embodiments of the present invention, it is to be understood that these embodiments are given by example only and not in a limiting sense, the scope of the present invention being determined by the objects and the claims.

We claim:

1. A machine for easing of metal working pieces in a permanent mold comprising at least two parts, said machine comprising a tiltable melting vessel having a plurality of walls,

a mold connected with said vessel,

said mold having filling means,

said melting vessel having a mouth-piece defining a chamber Widening into said melting Vessel,

a cap closing said chamber,

a pouring sleeve of melt-resistant and heat-capacitive metal disposed in and secured to said cap,

said pouring sleeve having a bore conically widening and extending into said mold, as well as tapered down and projecting into said chamber.

2. The machine, as set forth in claim 1, which includes a separating wall disposed at the rear of said chamber and extending from one of said walls of said melting vessel to a point below the level of the molten metal in said melting vessel in its operative position,

said separating wall forming in its upper portion an angle intermediate its ends,

its"

a connection branch secured to asid upper portion of said separating wall, and

a conduit leading to said connection branch and adapted to feed a protecting gas into said chamber.

3. The machine, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said cap includes a plurality of said pouring sleeves.

4. The machine, as set forth in claim 1, which includes at least one hydraulic cylinder,

said hydraulic cylinder having a piston reciprocating therein,

a piston rod secured to said piston,

said melting vessel is pivotally mounted on bearing pins and the free end of said piston rod is secured to said melting vessel at a point spaced apart from the pivot axis, so that the movement of said piston rod brings about a tilting movement of said melting vessel,

said bearing pins being disposed in a plane extending through said mouth-piece,

said mold consists of at least two mold parts,

a swinging arm joining the tilting movement of said melting vessel,

hydraulic means for subjecting said swinging arm to a reciprocating tilting movement relative to said melting vessel, and

one of said mold parts is carried at the free end of said swinging arm.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,138,443 5/ 15 Bierbaum 22--69 1,939,960 12/ 33 During 2269 2,7 85,449 3/57 Wessel 2279 2,808,627 10/57 Venus 22-69 2,828,516 4/58 Black et al. 2283 MARCUS U. LYONS, Primary Examiner.

RAY K. WINDHAM, MICHAEL V. BRINDISI,

Examiners. 

1. A MACHINE FOR CASING OF METAL WORKING PIECES IN A PERMANENT MOLD COMPRISING AT LEAST TWO PARTS, SAID MACHINE COMPRISING A TILTABLE MELTING VESSEL HAVING A PLURALITY OF WALLS, A MOLD CONNECTED WITH SAID VESSEL, SAID MOLD HAVING FILLING MEANS, SAID MELTING VESSEL HAVING A MOUTH-PIECE DEFINING A CHAMBER WIDENING INTO SAID MELTING VESSEL, A CAP CLOSING SAID CHAMBER, A POURING SLEEVE OF MELT-RESISTANT AND HEAT-CAPACITIVE METAL DISPOSED IN AND SECURED TO SAID CAP, SAID POURING SLEEVE HAVING A BORE CONICALLY WIDENING AND EXTENDING INTO SAID MOLD, AS WELL AS TAPERED DOWN AND PROJECTING INTO SAID CHAMBER. 